![]() The French release, with a French soundtrack, was in 1941 this is the most common version today. By the 1920s almost every standard edition of Goethe’s poem had the 1840s illustrations by Wilhelm von Kaulbach, and the Starevich’s stop-motion models look very similar to these. The scenario is credited to Irène Starevich, but it is essentially Le Roman de Renart as finalized in literary form by the Renaissance, especially in Wolfgang von Goethe’s 1794 Reineke Fuchs epic poem. The film is presented as “the oldest and most beautiful story known to us animals”, as narrated by an elderly monkey dressed as a Medieval scholar. This has been claimed as the world’s third to sixth animated feature film, depending on how you consider earlier animated feature films at any rate, it was released in Germany eight months before Disney’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. The animation had been completed in Paris in 1929 to 1930, but the Stareviches had considerable trouble getting the sound track made. The Tale of the Fox), a 67-minute stop-motion film by Ladislas and Irène Starevich, was finished in Germany. The length of the Reynard tale has made it more natural for features than for short films. Someone has just put these up on YouTube. One of the earliest efforts to show the Reynard tale in animated form was as a series of twelve Victorian lantern slides. It has been a natural for animation even before there was animation. One of the earliest library books that I read, when I was six or seven years old, was Andre Norton’s Rogue Reynard Being a tale of the Fortunes and Misfortunes and divers Misdeeds of that great Villain, Baron Reynard, the Fox, and how he was Served with King Lion’s justice, illustrated by Laura Bannon (Houghton Mifflin, 1947). ![]() The Reynard legend has been written many times over the centuries, and almost always illustrated. Some of these became “fixed” in their own right, such as Bruin for a bear and Chanticleer for a rooster. Other characters, the nobility at the court of King Leo the lion (in some versions King Nobel), include Isengrim the wolf, Bruin the bear, Chanticleer the rooster, Tybalt the cat (satirized by Shakespeare in The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet), Baldwin the donkey, Grymbart the badger, Courtoys the hound, Cuwart the hare, Tyselyn the raven, Bellen the ram, Reynard’s wife Hermeline, and many others. The fox’s name varies between Reynard, Renard, Renart, Reinard, Reinecke, Reinhardus, Reynardt, and Reynaerde. In France, ‘reynard’ replaced the older word for fox, ‘goupil’. ![]() There are carvings of the Reynard cast in Medieval churches and town halls. The portrayal of these proud and haughty dukes, lords, bishops, and cardinals as animals, constantly being tricked by Baron Reynard the fox, was amusing for centuries. At this time, Europe was divided among a series of kingdoms, duchies, counties, principalities, bishoprics, free cities, and others of shifting borders, with generally weak monarchs and strong nobles who were always jockeying among themselves for power. It was also earthy modern linguists study the manuscripts for their documentation of 12th century insults, swearing, and scatology. Human characters were often peasants.” The tale was doubtlessly so popular with commoners because it was a savage burlesque of the courts and politics of the nobility. The various animals were represented as various members of the aristocracy and the clergy. William Caxton’s English translation of 1481 is one of the earliest printed English books.Īccording to WikiFur, “The stories are among the little political satire from the Middle ages that still survives. Cloud in Old French around 1170, and Reinhard Fuchs by Heinrich der Glïchezäre in Old German around 1180 but all are acknowledged to be based on then-well-known peasants’ folk tales. Reinardus Vulpes, by the Flemish poet Nivardus in Latin around 1150, Le Roman de Renart by Pierre St. Three of the earliest written versions known are Ysengrimus, a.k.a. King Log and King Stork), is the Medieval folk tale of Reynard the Fox. One of the oldest talking-animal fables, as opposed to short parables such as Aesop’s tale of the frogs that wanted a king (a.k.a.
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